Abstract: A synthesis of themes discussed in the "Watershed Management for Ecosystem Services in Human Dominated Landscapes of the Neotropics" conference, including recent research and practices related to watershed management in the region. It provides a biophysical understanding of ecosystem function for key land uses in the area, summarizes ecosystem services, addresses the implications of climate and land use change, and provides socio-economic foundations of ecosystem services and advances in the region. The report presents a road map for improving watershed management and provides selected case studies to illustrate examples of where advances are being made.