This second edition has a broader scope than the
inaugural report in 2021. First, analysis of capital
flows has been expanded to include marine nature-
based solutions. Second, the investment in NbS
needed to limit climate change to below 1.5°C (in
addition to the 2°C target) is estimated, given the
enormous impact this has on nature and people.
Third, public nature-negative capital flows have
been quantified, to put into context capital flows
to NbS. Fourth, the benefits of investing in NbS
have been estimated to demonstrate to politicians,
business and finance leaders that nature is a large
part of the solution to global crises.