Nature-based solutions (NBS) are ways to tackle climate change while at the same time strengthening biodiversity and delivering ecosystem services to humans. While there are many international reports on NBS, there is a need for an overview of NBS covering the breadth of Nordic ecosystems. The Nordic Council of Ministers has launched a research programme running from 2021-24, encouraging the Nordic countries to work together and enhance their knowledge base on nature-based solutions, restoration, climate mitigation and blue/green infrastructure. This is an important part of the Nordic countries’ ambition to become the most sustainable region in the world within 2030.